12個小兒靜脈輸液技巧

This is it-one of the moments you』ve been dreading since nursingschool. Starting an IV on a child is terrifying. Other thanreminding yourself that you are truly helping the patient ratherthan causing harm, there are some tips that can make yourexperiences more successful. Successful nurse equals happypatients! Here are 12 tips to get the ball rolling (instead of thevein).

這是自你學護理專業以來令你害怕的一個時刻---給一個孩子進行靜脈注射。你要提醒自己這真的是在幫助患者而不是在給他們製造傷害。這兒有一些技巧能提高你為患兒靜脈注射的成功率。成功穿刺會讓患者滿意！這12個技巧能讓你順利完成靜脈注射（而不是僵持不下）。

1. When starting an IV on an infant, try soothing thembeforehand with a pacifier. If mom wants to hold the baby, as ifbottle/breastfeeding is okay while starting the line.

當開始給一個嬰兒進行靜脈注射時，提前準備好奶嘴瓶並輕聲安撫。如果媽媽想要抱住寶寶，在開始輸液時給寶寶奶瓶或是母乳餵奶都是可行的。

2. Hand veins in the nondominant hand are preferable in smallchildren of walking age and infants.

在學步兒童和嬰兒中，選擇手部顯露的靜脈進行穿刺要比非顯露靜脈更好。

3. The antecubital (AC) is also a good location in children, butan immobilizer board may be required to keep the line patent.

小孩的肘部是一個靜脈穿刺的好選擇，但那可能需要一個夾板來固定這條輸液線路。

4. In neonates, scalp veins or veins in the feet are sometimespreferable and easier to access, especially in the cute chubbybabies!

在兒科，有時候頭皮靜脈和下肢靜脈更可取、更容易穿刺成功，特別是對於一些胖乎乎的寶寶。

5. With preemies and small newborns, try advancing the catheterinstead of the needle after the initial flashback of blood. Babiesveins aren』t mature yet, and you may blow a vein by advancing theneedle.

對於早產兒和新生兒，當出現回血后試著推進針管，而不是推進針頭。因為寶寶的靜脈還未發育成熟，推進針頭可能會刺破寶寶的靜脈。

6. One nurse told me, 「think of it like a TB skin test.」 Stickalmost flush with the skin when sticking neonates and newborns.Many times, their veins are close to the skin』s surface.

一個護士告訴我說，「給寶寶們靜脈穿刺，要把它就想像成為一個結核皮試。」我們都知道寶寶的皮膚都很嫩，只要拍打寶寶的皮膚幾乎都會變紅。有時候，寶寶的靜脈貼著皮膚表層。

7. Use anesthetic creams or sprays for children.

使用麻醉劑或是噴霧劑。

8. When starting an IV on a toddler (ages 1-3), try singing,pacifiers or musical toys as a means of distraction. Hint: ItsyBitsy Spider works wonders for my son and other kids, too,especially when accompanied with hand motions! Give it a shot.

在為幼兒（1~3歲）進行靜脈穿刺時，試著用歌聲安撫他們，或是給他們聲樂玩具，分散他們注意力。例如：用迷你蜘蛛配合一些手勢哄我兒子和其他孩子就很湊效，百試不爽，確實值得一試。

9. With young children ages 4 and up, just be honest with them.Kids can comprehend more than you may think and, therefore, can seereason. Tell them that the procedure will hurt, but only for aminute. Assure them that they will not lose all of their blood. Italso wouldn』t hurt to 「bribe」 the kid to hold still with stickers,toys, etc.

對於四歲或是稍大一點的孩子，要對他們真誠以待。孩子們會給你超乎想像的理解和包容，他們明白其中的原因。告訴他們這個過程將會有點疼，但也就只是一會兒。儘力做到一針見血。給小孩一些玩具或貼紙哄哄他們，這樣會減輕他們的痛苦。

10. Avoid tourniquets if you can. Apply traction with your handsand utilize coworkers when available. The use of tourniquetsincreases your risk of blowing veins on children.

盡量不要使用止血帶。用手繃緊皮膚，在必要時請你的同事協助。使用止血帶會增加患兒鼓包的風險。

11. Having the patient dangle their arm off of the side of thebed or let it hang by their side prior to sticking will increasingblood flow to that extremity. Veins will be easier to feel andsee.

讓患者將手臂懸在床的一側或是放在身前的一側。這樣可以促進血液流向另一端，這樣會更容易觸摸到或是看到靜脈。

12. Know when to stop. It』s not good patient care to repeatedlystick them 4 or 5 times blindly. Find someone else with moreexperience to try. Everyone had bad days.

要適可而止。血管不是很好的患者，一次不成功就不要盲目穿刺四五次。找一個更有經驗的人試試，畢竟每個人都有不順心的時候。

These twelve basic steps will help ensure you have the bestpossible experience when sticking a pediatric or neonatal patient.Remember to always ask your fellow nurses for help when in doubt.Good luck, nurses!

這12個基本技能將有助於確保你在兒科或是新生兒科進行靜脈穿刺時志在必得。記住當你有疑惑時一定要求助於身邊的同事。祝你成功！

Any additional tips and tricks for pediatric clients? Commentbelow!

您還有其他為患兒靜脈穿刺的竅門和秘訣嗎？請在下面留言。