最全句子成分：主謂賓定狀補
一：什麼是主語?主語怎麼用?請往下看，一目了然。
主語表明這句話說的是誰和什麼，主語主要由名詞、代詞或相當於名詞的單詞，短語或從句充當。
1:名詞作主語的情況
David arrived last night. 大衛昨晚到達。
Pride goes before a fall. 驕必敗。
2:代詞作主語的情況。
Who is speaking, please? （在電話中）請問您是誰？
That's OK. 這沒問題。
3:數詞作主語的情況
Two will be enough. 兩個就夠了。
Two-thirds of the workers are women. 三分之二的工人是女工。
4: 動名詞形式作主語
Skating is good for health.溜冰對身體好。
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5:不定式作主語
To be an actor is my dream.成為演員是我的夢想。
6:名詞化的形容詞作主語
The unemployed usually lead a hard life.
失業的人生活一般很困難。
7:短語作主語
How to do well is an important question.
如何把這件事做好是一個重要問題。
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy.
早睡早起身體好。
8:從句作主語
Whether we'll go depends on the weather.
我們是否去要看天氣。
二：謂語，謂語是什麼呢?謂語怎麼用?
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謂語說明主語的動作或狀態。謂語動詞一般在主語之後。有時態的變化。常和情態動詞，助動詞，各種時態一起構成謂語。
Some children asked for cold drinks.
有些孩子要喝冷飲。
I shall go to see him tomorrow.
明天我要去看他。
I must ask her to teach me to swim.
我一定得請她教我游泳。
三：賓語
賓語一般用在及物動詞的後面，表示行為動詞所涉及的對象。
1:名詞作賓語
Show your ID card, please.
請出示身份證。
2:代詞作賓語
He didn't say anything.
他什麼也沒說。
3: 數詞作賓語
How many do you want? - I want two.
你要幾個？－ 我要兩個。
4:名詞化的形容詞作賓語
They sent the injured to hospital.
他們把傷員送到醫院。
5:不定式或ing形式作賓語
The asked to see my passport.
他們要求看我的護照。
I enjoy working with you.
我和你們一道工作很愉快。
6:從句作賓語
Did you write down what he said?
你把他的話記下了沒有？
四：表語
表語是用來說明主語的身份、特徵和狀態的，它常位於聯繫動詞（be, become, appear, seem等）之後。意思是：是什麼，怎麼樣。
1:名詞作表語
He is a boss
2:代詞作表語
The book is mine.
3:形容詞作表語
I feel much better today.
4:數詞作表語
She was the first to learn about it.
5:不定式或ing形式作表語
Her job is selling computers.
Our next step is to sleep well.
6:介詞短語作表語
The patient is out of danger.
7:副詞作表語
The sun is up
I must be off now.
8:從句作表語
This is what he said.
五：定語
定語相當於漢語里的形容詞，起修飾作用。
1:形容詞作定語
He's a tall man.
2:名詞作定語
There are a lot of banana trees .（banana）
3:數詞作定語
Three people watched the game
4:限定詞作定語
Many men are working there.
5:ing形式作定語
There is a swimming pool near our school.
6:ed分詞作定語
frozen food 冷凍食品
fallen leaves 落葉
六：狀語：
狀語用來修飾動詞，形容詞，句子，表示時間，地點，原因，目的，方式，程度等。
1:副詞作狀語
Don't drive so fast.
2:介詞短語作地點狀語
We live in Hangzhou.
3:名詞作狀語
The meeting lasted an hour.
七：接在動詞之後對主語起著解釋或描述作用的成分，叫作主補。
1:形容詞作主補
They married young.
他們結婚時還年輕。
He died happy.
他懷著幸福的心情死去。
No man is born wise.
沒有生而知之。
2:ed分詞作主補
He came in drunk.
他走進來的時候醉醺醺的。
3:名詞作主補
He died a poor man.
他死時很窮。
He died a millionaire.
他死的時候是個百萬富翁。
八:賓補
適用賓補的句型：
主語+謂語+賓語+賓補（S+V+O+OC）
賓補對賓語加以解釋或描述。
以下成分可以充當賓補：名詞，代詞，形容詞，副詞，ing形式，ed分詞，不定式，介詞短語，名詞性從句。
1:名詞作賓補
I consider him a gentleman.
2:代詞作賓補
Whom do you think me?
（Whom是賓補）
3:形容詞作賓補
Wash your hands clean.
4:副詞作賓補
I found him out.
5:ing形式作賓補
They left me wait.
6:ed分詞作賓補
I heard my name called.
7:不定式作賓補
I thought him to be a good man.
8:介詞短語作賓補
Make yourself at home.
9:名詞性從句作賓補
His wife has made him what he is.
學會學習，學會總結，我是湖北小高，謝謝閱讀。