臨床腫瘤學雜誌:HPV疫苗預防接種對美國年輕人口腔HPV感染的影響

美國《臨床腫瘤雜誌》2017年11月28日在線先發

http://ascopubs.org/doi/full/10.1200/JCO.2017.75.0141

HPV疫苗預防接種對美國年輕人口腔HPV感染的影響

目的

近幾十年來,美國男性中人乳頭狀病毒(HPV)陽性口咽癌的發生率快速升高,為此,我們在美國人口水平,調查了HPV疫苗預防接種對口腔HPV感染的影響,而口腔HPV感染是HPV陽性口咽癌的主要原因。

方法

我們在2011-2014年「美國全國健康與營養調查」的範圍內對18-33歲男性、女性(N=2627)進行了一項橫斷面研究,這些人員是美國人口的代表性樣本。通過對HPV疫苗情況對16、18、6或者11亞型疫苗接種后口腔HPV感染進行了比較,測定指標為自我報告的接受過至少1個劑量的HPV疫苗情況。對複雜的抽樣設計加以分析說明,並對年齡、性別和種族因素進行校正,採用擬得分檢驗評價統計意義。

結果

2011年至2014年,美國18-33歲的人有18.3%報告(女性29.2%,男性6.9%,P<0.001),在26歲以前接受過至少1個劑量的HPV疫苗接種。接種過疫苗對比沒有接種過疫苗,口腔16/18/6型HPV感染的患病率明顯下降(0.11%對比1.61%,P=0.008),對年齡、性別和種族校正後,口腔HPV感染率有大約88.2%(95%CI,5.7%-98.5%)的下降,男性接種過疫苗對比沒有接種過疫苗,口腔HPV16/18/6/11型感染率下降尤為明顯(0.0%對比2.13%,P=0.007)。考慮到疫苗接種情況,HPV疫苗接種對口腔HPV16/18/6/11型感染的人口水平的影響總體為17.0%,男性為25.0%,女性為6.9%。

結論

在年輕人中,HPV疫苗接種可以降低口腔HPV感染率,但由於疫苗接種率低,對這個人群的預防效果一般,特別是對男性的影響較低。

《壹篇》南南和北北

Effect of Prophylactic Human Papillomavirus (HPV)Vaccination on Oral HPV Infections Among Young Adults in the UnitedStates

Purpose

The incidence of human papilloma virus (HPV)–positiveoropharyngeal cancers has risen rapidly in recent decades among menin the United States. We investigated the US population–leveleffect of prophylactic HPV vaccination on the burden of oral HPVinfection, the principal cause of HPV-positive oropharyngealcancers.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study of men and women 18 to 33years of age (N = 2,627) within the National Health and NutritionExamination Survey 2011 to 2014, a representative sample of the USpopulation. Oral HPV infection with vaccine types 16, 18, 6, or 11was compared by HPV vaccination status, as measured byself-reported receipt of at least one dose of the HPV vaccine.Analyses accounted for the complex sampling design and wereadjusted for age, sex, and race. Statistical significance wasassessed using a quasi-score test.

Results

Between 2011 and 2014, 18.3% of the US population 18 to 33 yearsof age reported receipt of at least one dose of the HPV vaccinebefore the age of 26 years (29.2% in women and 6.9% in men; P <.001). The prevalence of oral HPV16/18/6/11 infections wassignificantly reduced in vaccinated versus unvaccinated individuals(0.11% v 1.61%; Padj = .008), corresponding to an estimated 88.2%(95% CI, 5.7% to 98.5%) reduction in prevalence after modeladjustment for age, sex, and race. Notably, the prevalence of oralHPV16/18/6/11 infections was significantly reduced in vaccinatedversus unvaccinated men (0.0% v 2.13%; Padj = .007). Accounting forvaccine uptake, the population-level effect of HPV vaccination onthe burden of oral HPV16/18/6/11 infections was 17.0% overall,25.0% in women, and 6.9% in men.

Conclusions

HPV vaccination was associated with reduction in vaccine-typeoral HPV prevalence among young US adults. However, because of lowvaccine uptake, the population-level effect was modest overall andparticularly low in men.

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